Optimal planning of inverter‐based renewable energy sources towards autonomous microgrids accommodating electric vehicle charging stations

Renewable energy sources have recently been integrated into microgrids that are in turn connected to electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. In this regard, the optimal planning of is challenging with such uncertain generation and stochastic charging/discharging EV models. To achieve ambitious goals, best sites sizes photovoltaic wind units accurately determined work using an optimization technique. This proposed technique considers 1) profile uncertainty as well total load demand, 2) units' DSTATCOM operation capability, 3) various branch node constraints microgrid. Most importantly, possible requirements also taken account, including initial predetermined state charge (SOC) arrangements, arrival departure hours, diverse regulated unregulated strategies. A bi-level metaheuristic-based solution established address complex model. The outer level inner-level functions optimize renewable decision variables. Sub-objectives be optimized voltage deviations grid power. results demonstrate effectiveness introduced method for managing effectively autonomous microgrids.